Coronary Artery Calcium Score
What is a coronary calcium score?
A calcium score test is a type of CT scan that cardiologists use to look and measure the calcium build in the coronary arteries. Calcium found in the arteries help indicate if there is a buildup of plaque, causing the arteries to narrow or become blocked. If the arteries are narrowed or blocked, there is a higher risk of a heart attack.
What does a coronary calcium score measure?
The coronary calcium score measures the amount of calcium present in the artery walls as well as the severity of the condition. Through this testing, cardiologists can plan the appropriate treatment to combat the calcium buildup.
Who is recommended for a coronary calcium score?
A coronary calcium score test may be recommended to individuals who:
- Have a family history of heart disease
- Have high cholesterol, diabetes or high blood pressure
- Are obese
- Above the age of 40 years old
What happens during the test?
Before the test begins, electrodes (sticky patches) are placed on your chest or on your arms or legs. There will be wires attached to the electrodes to connect the patches to the machine that measures your heartbeat. Once the set-up is done, you will be asked to lie on a padded bed as you undergo the scan.
After the scan is completed, areas in the coronary arteries that have calcification will show up on the scan. This procedure is painless and does not require an injection of contrast dye.
How should I prepare for a coronary calcium score?
Before coming in for the coronary calcium score test, it is advisable to heed the following advice:
- Avoid smoking
- Avoid consuming any caffeine-related products hours before the test
- Wear comfortable and loose-fitting clothes as you may be asked to change into a gown
- Avoid wearing any jewellery around your neck or near your chest
What do my results mean?
The computer will generate a calcium score to estimate the extent of coronary artery disease. Based on the scan, your cardiologist will be able to tell how much calcium is present in the arteries. The score test can range from zero to more than 1,000. Anything above zero indicates signs of coronary artery disease:
- 0: No identifiable plaque
- 1-10: Minimal identifiable plaque
- < 100: Mild proof of coronary artery disease
- > 400: High likelihood of coronary artery disease